6594: ALDS1_11_B : Depth First Search
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Description
Depth-first search (DFS) follows the strategy to search ”deeper” in the graph whenever possible. In DFS, edges are recursively explored out of the most recently discovered vertex $v$ that still has unexplored edges leaving it. When all of $v$'s edges have been explored, the search ”backtracks” to explore edges leaving the vertex from which $v$ was discovered.
This process continues until all the vertices that are reachable from the original source vertex have been discovered. If any undiscovered vertices remain, then one of them is selected as a new source and the search is repeated from that source.
DFS timestamps each vertex as follows:
This process continues until all the vertices that are reachable from the original source vertex have been discovered. If any undiscovered vertices remain, then one of them is selected as a new source and the search is repeated from that source.
DFS timestamps each vertex as follows:
- $d[v]$ records when $v$ is first discovered.
- $f[v]$ records when the search finishes examining $v$’s adjacency list.
- $G$ is given in an adjacency-list. Vertices are identified by IDs $1,2,...n$ respectively.
- IDs in the adjacency list are arranged in ascending order.
- The program should report the discover time and the finish time for each vertex.
- When there are several candidates to visit during DFS, the algorithm should select the vertex with the smallest ID.
- The timestamp starts with $1$.
Input
In the first line, an integer $n$ denoting the number of vertices of $G$ is given.
In the next $n$ lines, adjacency lists of $u$ are given in the following format:
$u\ k\ v_1\ v_2\ ...\ v_k$
$u$ is ID of the vertex and $k$ denotes its degree. vivi are IDs of vertices adjacent to $u$.
In the next $n$ lines, adjacency lists of $u$ are given in the following format:
$u\ k\ v_1\ v_2\ ...\ v_k$
$u$ is ID of the vertex and $k$ denotes its degree. vivi are IDs of vertices adjacent to $u$.
Output
For each vertex, print $id$, $d$ and $f$ separated by a space character in a line. $id$ is ID of the vertex, $d$ and $f$ is the discover time and the finish time respectively. Print in order of vertex IDs.
Constraints
$1 \leq n \leq 1,000$
Sample 1 Input
4
1 1 2
2 1 4
3 0
4 1 3
Sample 1 Output
1 1 8
2 2 7
3 4 5
4 3 6
Sample 2 Input
6
1 2 2 3
2 2 3 4
3 1 5
4 1 6
5 1 6
6 0
Sample 2 Output
1 1 12
2 2 11
3 3 8
4 9 10
5 4 7
6 5 6
