Problem5187--Codility - Binary Gap

5187: Codility - Binary Gap

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Time Limit : 1.000 sec  Memory Limit : 256 MiB

Description

Find longest sequence of zeros in binary representation of an integer.
A binary gap within a positive integer N is any maximal sequence of consecutive zeros that is surrounded by ones at both ends in the binary representation of N.
For example, number 9 has binary representation1001and contains a binary gap of length 2. The number 529 has binary representation1000010001and contains two binary gaps: one of length 4 and one of length 3. The number 20 has binary representation10100and contains one binary gap of length 1. The number 15 has binary representation1111and has no binary gaps. The number 32 has binary representation100000and has no binary gaps.
given a positive integer N, returns the length of its longest binary gap. The function should return 0 if N doesn't contain a binary gap.
For example, given N = 1041 the function should return 5, because N has binary representation10000010001and so its longest binary gap is of length 5. Given N = 32 the function should return 0, because N has binary representation '100000' and thus no binary gaps.
Write an efficient algorithm for the following assumptions:
N is an integer within the range [1 .. 2,147,483,647].

Input

a positive integer N.

Output

the length of its longest binary gap. The function should return 0 if N doesn't contain a binary gap.

Sample 1 Input

1041

Sample 1 Output

5
$1041=10000010001_2$

Sample 2 Input

15

Sample 2 Output

0
$15=1111_2$

Sample 3 Input

32

Sample 3 Output

0
$32_{10}=100000_2$

HINT

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