There is always an integer in Takahashi's mind.

Initially, the integer in Takahashi's mind is $0$. Takahashi is now going to eat four symbols, each of which is `+` or `-`. When he eats `+`, the integer in his mind increases by $1$; when he eats `-`, the integer in his mind decreases by $1$.

The symbols Takahashi is going to eat are given to you as a string $S$. The $i$-th character in $S$ is the $i$-th symbol for him to eat.

Find the integer in Takahashi's mind after he eats all the symbols.

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

```
$S$
```

Print the integer in Takahashi's mind after he eats all the symbols.

-   The length of $S$ is $4$.
-   Each character in $S$ is `+` or `-`.

2

• Initially, the integer in Takahashi's mind is 0.
• The first integer for him to eat is +. After eating it, the integer in his mind becomes 1.
• The second integer to eat is -. After eating it, the integer in his mind becomes 0.
• The third integer to eat is +. After eating it, the integer in his mind becomes 1.
• The fourth integer to eat is +. After eating it, the integer in his mind becomes 2.

Thus, the integer in Takahashi's mind after he eats all the symbols is 2.